r/step1 • u/ConquerUsmleWithMe • 4h ago
📖 Study methods I wrote this one and I’m curious if it’s actually as tricky as I think
A 58-year-old man with type 2 diabetes and persistent microalbuminuria takes metformin and lisinopril. An additional oral glucose-lowering drug is started.
Four weeks later:
• HbA1c: 8.4% → 7.8%
• Serum creatinine: 1.0 → 1.24 mg/dL
• Urine glucose: negative → 3+
He feels well, has no edema or signs of volume depletion, and his BP is 126/76 mmHg.
Which physiological change within the juxtaglomerular apparatus best explains the acute change in renal hemodynamics?
A. Increased NaCl delivery to the macula densa → afferent constriction
B. Decreased NaCl delivery → efferent dilation
C. Reduced Ang II signaling → efferent dilation
D. Reduced prostaglandins → afferent constriction
E. Increased nitric oxide → efferent constriction