r/legaladvicePH • • Oct 01 '25

How Banks Really Work: What Ordinary People Don’t Know

0 Upvotes

You know what’s crazy? The standard banking process is something everyone should know but most regular folks don’t. Meanwhile, the people running scams and corrupts? They know it inside and out. That’s why I thought, okay, let me share this.

Back when I worked at one of the biggest banks in the country, I got to see everything up close personal accounts, business accounts, the whole deal. And honestly, the process itself is not rocket science.

If you’re opening a personal account, all you really need is a filled-out form, one valid government ID (or two secondary ones), and your initial deposit. That’s it. For business accounts, it’s a bit heavier which you need IDs for the signatories, business registration papers (DTI for sole prop, SEC for partnerships/corporations), Articles of Incorporation, By-Laws, Board Resolution, General Information Sheet… plus your deposit, of course.

The rule is simple: no complete documents, no account. Doesn’t matter if you’re putting in ₱2,000 or ₱20 million. Once your requirements are in, the bank does the usual KYC (Know Your Customer) and then you even get a letter at your address to double-check if the info matches. That’s the standard flow.

Now here’s where people usually get confused. You’ve probably heard stuff like: “Huwag ka mag-deposit ng ₱500k pataas, baka ma-trigger AMLA” or “Nagpadala lang ako ng ₱300k for medical expenses, ang daming requirements!” That’s where CTR and STR come in.

A CTR (Covered Transaction Report) kicks in automatically if you deposit, withdraw, or transfer ₱500,000 or more in a day. No suspicion needed but it’s just about the amount.
An STR (Suspicious Transaction Report), on the other hand, can be filed even for ₱50k or less if something feels shady like fake documents or weird transaction patterns.

But here’s the part most people don’t realize: just because a CTR or STR is triggered doesn’t mean your account freezes on the spot. What usually happens is the bank asks you for supporting documents like where the money came from, contracts, invoices, permits, that kind of thing. If you can provide them right away, then the account goes back to normal.

That’s why big names and corporations rarely get stuck. Their paperwork is ready. Regular folks? They get stuck not because the bank hates them, but because they don’t know what documents to provide. So, really, it’s less about favoritism and more about who’s prepared.

Now, look at the Napoles case. She was flagged because her NGOs were putting in massive amounts, but when the bank asked for proof, the documents didn’t add up. That’s why the STR stayed, and eventually the AMLC stepped in. Compare that to the Flood Control case those people probably had every document lined up. Even if the money was questionable in the bigger picture, as long as the papers looked legit, the bank had no reason to freeze anything.

That’s the loophole: on paper, everything looks fine, so the system keeps moving. AMLA usually only comes into play once there’s already a complaint or when the trail starts falling apart.

So yeah it’s not really “rich vs. poor.” It’s about who’s ready with the right supporting documents. I’m just sharing this because people need to know how it really works. And honestly? I don’t get why the bank manager in the hearing didn’t just explain this clearly. Instead, she kept mentioning the Bank Secrecy Law. But explaining the process doesn’t break confidentiality it’s literally just standard procedure.


r/legaladvicePH • • Jan 12 '26

Community Guidelines 📒

4 Upvotes

Ang [r/legaladvicePH](r/legaladvicePH) ay isang community para sa general legal information at guidance tungkol sa batas sa Pilipinas. Bago mag-post o mag-comment, pakibasa muna ang mga paalala sa ibaba upang maging maayos, malinaw, at kapaki-pakinabang ang mga diskusyon.

📌 Mahahalagang Paalala

  1. Walang Lawyer–Client Relationship

Ang mga sagot at komento rito ay para sa general information purposes lamang. Hindi ito lumilikha ng lawyer-client relationship. Para sa specific na sitwasyon ninyo, mas mainam pa rin na kumonsulta sa isang abogado. Gamitin ang impormasyong makukuha rito nang may pag-iingat.

  1. Huwag Mag-post ng Kulang na Impormasyon

Kapag magtatanong, siguraduhing nasasagot ang 5 basic questions:

Ano ang nangyari? Kailan? Saan? Bakit? At paano?

Ang kulang o malabong detalye ay maaaring magresulta sa maling payo o pagtanggal ng post.

  1. Maging Magalang

Ito ay isang legal advice forum, hindi casual o joke forum. Panatilihing maayos, propesyonal, at magalang ang pakikipag-usap. Bawal ang personal attacks, pang-aasar, o bastos na komento.

  1. NAL Requirement sa Comments

Kung hindi ka abogado, required na ilagay ang “NAL” sa simula ng iyong comment, na ang ibig sabihin ay “Not a Lawyer.”

Ito ay para malinaw sa lahat kung ang sagot ay mula sa isang abogado o mula sa isang non-lawyer na nagbibigay lamang ng general insight o personal experience.
—————————————————————
Salamat sa pagiging bahagi ng [r/legaladvicePH](r/legaladvicePH). Sa pagsunod sa mga patakarang ito, nakakatulong kang gawing maayos, respetado, at kapaki-pakinabang ang legal community na ito para sa lahat.


r/legaladvicePH • • 3h ago

Debt / Utang Investment Fraud Scam

1 Upvotes

I got scammed more than 100k. I invested my savings on a business I was a customer of for more than 5 years. I knew the owner and the services are really great. Nagtiwala ako kasi nakita ko na nagkaroon ng new equipments and lumakas yung takbo ng business.

Eventually, nalaman ko na more than 10 kaming nakuhaan ng pera. Binenta sa iba ang business without the knowledge of the investors at nagtago na ang bruha.

It's taking a big toll on my mental health. My friends tell me to file a case. A part of me wants to fight kasi I feel so betrayed. Pero a part of me just wants to let it go at mag move on nalang.

I believe in karma so alam kong babalik sa kanya lahat ng kasamaan na ginagawa nya ngayon. Pero iniisip ko pa lang yung process and potential gastos, parang mas malaki pa ang maco consume sa akin including my mental health. At the same time, ang sama din sa loob kung wala akong gagawin para mapanagot sya.

Thankfully, hindi ko ni-loan yung pera na nakuha nya. Pero syempre pinaghirapan kong pagtrabahuhan yun kaya ang sama talaga ng loob ko kasi I already have plans. I know kasalanan ko rin talaga kasi I should've known better. It's a risk I took and I lost.

I really don't know how to proceed at this point. Anyone else who experienced the same? Worth it ba mag file ng case? Magkaka record ba sya sa NBI kung mag file ng case kahit di sya makulong? I don't know how strong my case is pero may bounced check na involved.


r/legaladvicePH • • 17h ago

Family and Relationship Asking for legal advice and what step should i do next?

1 Upvotes

May tao kasi na may gumagawa ng dummy accounts para mag-post ng mga paninira tungkol sa isang pamilya. Ang mga pinopost ay tungkol sa mga anak, like accusations na adik, pokpok, and other degrading things, tapos nilalagay pa nila ang mga profile ng mga taong tinutukoy sa post.

Because of that, may mga taong pinagbibintangan silang nasa likod ng mga dummy accounts. Umabot pa nga sa point na pinatawag nila sa barangay yung mga pinaghihinalaan nila. Pero in the end, puro bintang lang din naman dahil wala silang solid proof na yung mga taong inaakusahan nila ang nasa likod ng mga account. As far as I know, hindi rin naman nila pinasubaybayan yung accounts para malaman kung saan nanggaling yung posts or kung may digital evidence na puwedeng makatulong na matukoy kung sino talaga ang nagpapatakbo ng mga account.

Around April, may mga nauna nang posts, pero recently, may bago na naman silang dummy account na ginagamit para mag-post ng paninira. Ang mas nakakainis, based sa mga comments nila sa posts, parang may pinatutungkulan silang specific na tao. They even mention situations that supposedly apply to that person, and the details they're describing are exactly the same as what we're experiencing.

I don't usually involve myself in their family issues, and I honestly don't care about whatever problems they have. Pero kung ginagamit nila yung dummy accounts para magparinig, manira, or magpakalat ng degrading statements tungkol sa ibang tao, that's a different story. I believe that could potentially constitute defamation, depending on the statements and circumstances.

Kaya hinihintay ko na lang kung mag-drop sila ng pangalan or mag-post ng something that directly identifies me or someone in my family. At that point, I want to know if it's possible to take legal action against them for what they're doing, especially if I can gather enough evidence to establish that they're referring to us and that they're responsible for the posts.


r/legaladvicePH • • 13h ago

Work Related Legal advice needed

0 Upvotes

Hello legal advice needed, should I sue or take legal action with an office mate who called me bully or called us bullies? What's the next step here


r/legaladvicePH • • 1d ago

Family and Relationship What legal action can we take against an ex-suitor spreading private intimate details, sex tapes, and health info after exploiting my GF's mental condition?

0 Upvotes

Seeking advice on criminal charges, cease-and-desist steps, and legal protection in the Philippines.

My girlfriend was diagnosed with bipolar disorder, which severely impairs her decision-making during manic or vulnerable episodes. Last year, a guy started courting her. Over 5 months, he learned about her mental health condition, got her drunk, and escalated physical intimacy despite her setting a 1-year boundary to evaluate the relationship. During this time, he took advantage of her condition, and she gave him her first sexual experience.

She eventually ended things after he exhibited violent behavior (punching walls/doors) and manipulative, abusive tendencies.

The Current Situation:

Now that she and I are together, this guy has been systematically retaliating by spreading private, intimate information about their past to mutual acquaintances, friends, and family:

Spreading Intimate Media & Private Details: He is talking to people (confirmed via account logs she previously had access to) about private moments, including details about sex tapes and pregnancy tests. He is treating her like a "trophy" for taking her virginity.

Character Assassination & Financial Extortion/Shaming: He is painting her as the villain, blaming her for everything, and demanding back/reproaching (sinusumbat) all the money he spent while courting her.

Severe Mental Health Impact: My girlfriend has severe depression relapse symptoms—nightmares, daily mental breakdowns, intense humiliation, and shame.

Additional Stalking / Monitoring: He has also recruited/used people inside her school as 'spies' to monitor her daily movements and report her schedule back to him, creating a constant environment of fear and anxiety while she is on campus. Does this constitute Stalking by Proxy under RA 9262 / Safe Spaces Act?


r/legaladvicePH • • 1d ago

Work Related Asking for help possible legal advice (Distressed OFW here)

1 Upvotes

Good day,

To everyone reading this, I hope you can give me proper advice or suggestions on what to do in our current situation. Recently, we have been terminated by our employer here in Hungary due to their personal grudge against me and my four coworkers. This started when we disagreed with their wish to change our salaries, which is not in line with our contract and their laws. Since then, we've experienced a hostile environment here, which we've endured for 10 months until it finally led to our termination. We had no choice but to sign the termination papers because we were also being threatened. Our DMW wasn't supportive either. Now we are still here in our accommodation, scared every day because of what they said they would do if we chose to leave and find a new employer.

My question is, should we be afraid of their possible actions?

Is there anyone who can help us with legal offices aside from our DMW?

Can we switch employers if there's one willing to accept us?


r/legaladvicePH • • 1d ago

Work Related Seeking Help...

2 Upvotes

Hi everyone! A friend of mine is about to be offered a separation package due to retrenchment. We want to make sure she understands her rights under Philippine labor law and isn’t shortchanged.

For those knowledgeable about labor law or who have experienced this, what should she check before accepting or signing anything?

Specifically:

• How can she verify if the separation pay computation is correct?

• What other benefits or final pay is she entitled to?

• What documents should she request from HR?

• What should she watch out for in a quitclaim or waiver?

• Can she negotiate for a better package, and where can she seek help if the offer seems unfair?

Any practical advice or relevant legal references would be greatly appreciated. Thank you!


r/legaladvicePH • • 1d ago

Family and Relationship Need pu ba ng birth certificate ng beneficiary pag aayusin yung sss?

3 Upvotes

Yung dad ko, hinihingian ako ng photocopy ng birth certificate ko kasi aayusin daw niya sss niya, para daw pag wala na siya, ako daw anak niya makakakuha ng pension niya.

Kaso ang pinapangamba ko ay baka magloan siya at ako ang magbayad.

Need pu ba talaga ng birth certificate o pwede naman yun ipasa na lang after death? (Knock on the wood)


r/legaladvicePH • • 1d ago

Work Related Seeking help about company separation (retrenchment)

3 Upvotes

Hi everyone! A friend of mine is about to be offered a separation package due to retrenchment. We want to make sure she understands her rights under Philippine labor law and isn’t shortchanged.

For those knowledgeable about labor law or who have experienced this, what should she check before accepting or signing anything?

Specifically:

• How can she verify if the separation pay computation is correct?

• What other benefits or final pay is she entitled to?

• What documents should she request from HR?

• What should she watch out for in a quitclaim or waiver?

• Can she negotiate for a better package, and where can she seek help if the offer seems unfair?

Any practical advice or relevant legal references would be greatly appreciated. Thank you!


r/legaladvicePH • • 2d ago

Work Related I need legal advice please.

5 Upvotes

Hello! I need legal advice. I was verbally dismissed by company's owner WITHOUT prior warnings, coaching and other documentations. He said it was due to CULTURAL DIFFERENCES. He asked how I want this to be communicated to the team and I said just tell them I resigned without thinking because of high emotions and that was my initial reaction. I said in our GC that I resigned too but I NOT PASS any resignation letter.

Will this be a ground not for me to win my case in DOLE?


r/legaladvicePH • • 2d ago

Property and Housing Ask to replace Whirlpool our Automatic Washing Machine but they refuse

3 Upvotes

Sorry I don't know if this is the right group.

We are a family of four, with 2 kids.

What: Last Sept 2025, we bought an Automatic Washine Machine from Whirlpool from the onset may naririnig na kaming kalabog pag kunti lang nilalagay namin. Yun tumatama yun WM sa katawan, ganun kalabog so naisip namin baka dapat madaming nilo-load. For context, hinihiwalay namin yun laba sa damit ng 5yo namin.

By May 2026 biglang sobrang ingay na yun kalabog parang may basketball sa loob, so we reported it to SM and Whirlpool sent a technician at pinalitan na yun suspension

But this year 3x na sya inaayos, yun una pinalitan yun suspension, 2nd bagong version ng suspension, 3rd mas updated daw by the 4x ayaw na namin and we already asked for the whole unit to be replaced kasi may ibang tunog na. Pero as per whirlpool they can only replace the suspension kahit nasa warranty pa.

I filed sa DTI last Sept 29 but still for meditation pa din :(

Im asking na irefund na lang nila kasi sakit na ng ulo ko, lumagpas na yun 1yr warranty namin (Sept 20,2026) kasi ang tagal nilang magrespond. anong pwede kong gawin? magfile ulit ng dti?


r/legaladvicePH • • 2d ago

Family and Relationship LEGAL ADVICE PLEASE

0 Upvotes

Good day po, May I ask for your legal advice regarding a case involving me and my family?

Noong 2019, nagkaroon kami ng away at kaming tatlo—ako, ang mama ko, at ang stepfather ay kinasuhan.

Noong 2020, na-dismiss po ang kaso naming tatlo without prejudice dahil sa procedural issues, kabilang ang kawalan ng Certificate to File Action (CFA) at hindi pagdaan sa barangay conciliation.

Samantala, hiwalay na itinuloy ang kaso laban kay step father dahil sa alleged slight physical injuries. oct 2026, na-acquit po siya dahil sa kakulangan ng ebidensiya at mga salungatan sa testimonya ng mga witness.

May mga detalye rin po sa testimonya na sa tingin namin ay mahalagang masuri. May isang witness na umamin na pinirmahan lamang niya ang statement at hindi siya ang gumawa nito. May isa naman na nagsabing nakita raw niyang nanipa si step father, pero ayon sa amin, malayo siya sa lugar kung saan naganap ang aktuwal na away.

Dahil ongoing pa po noon ang kaso, naghintay kami na matapos ang proceedings bago kumonsulta tungkol sa posibleng pagsasampa ng counter-case laban sa mga nagdemanda sa amin at/o sa mga witness, kung may sapat na legal na basehan.

May kopya po kami ng dismissal order ng kaso naming tatlo at ng court decision na nag-acquit kay step father.

Gusto ko po sanang malaman kung may maaari pa kaming maisampang kaso, gaya ng perjury, false testimony, malicious prosecution, o iba pang naaangkop na legal action. Nais din po naming malaman kung may problema sa prescription o kung may legal na paraan pa para maihain ang aming reklamo.

Maraming salamat po sa inyong oras at guidance,
.


r/legaladvicePH • • 3d ago

Property and Housing Paid ₱25,000 handling fee, but lawyer barely responds to follow-ups on ₱1.9M phishing case. What can I do?

9 Upvotes

I’m hoping to get advice on how to move forward with a lawyer we consulted.
I was a victim of a phishing scam and lost ₱1.9 million from my UB account. In January this year, we sought a lawyer’s assistance regarding possible estafa and other cybercrime complaints, as well as our options for pursuing a case against UB. We paid a ₱25,000 handling fee. We found him through this lawyers for hire site then communicated outside thru Viber after the initial consultation.

Found him through this website for lawyers ph then we communicated outside the site thru Viber after the initial consultation. Afaik former associate sya sa firm but he’s planning to build his own. Yan din simabi nya na reason why the case is getting delayed but im really not sure if its true

Initially, he regularly gave us updates. After a few months, however, updates became infrequent, and we usually had to follow up repeatedly to get a response. He explained that he was dealing with personal problems, which we tried to understand.
More recently, he said he was busy setting up his own law firm, which was supposed to open this month. His last update about our case was that he was trying to arrange a call with the cybercrime division. Since then, we haven’t heard anything further. We still don’t have a clear understanding of where our case stands or whether any complaint has actually been filed.
I’ve tried to be patient, but I’m starting to lose hope. I also asked him to refer us to another lawyer if he could no longer handle our case, but that message went unanswered too.
May I ask:
What documents or proof of progress should we request to confirm what has been done?

If we engage another lawyer, how do we retrieve our records and address the handling fee already paid?

What steps can we take if he continues not to respond?

Can anyone recommend a lawyer experienced in phishing scams, cybercrime, and disputes involving banks?

This is a significant loss for us, and we just want clarity and a way forward. Thank you.


r/legaladvicePH • • 3d ago

Property and Housing Neighbor binutas ung bakod namin para magtapon ng kitchen sink waste water sa loob ng property namin. Also throwing trash inside our property.

7 Upvotes

What:

My mom’s house has a big land behind it that we don’t use as much, but sometimes use for gardening or planting banana trees and the like. A few years back (~2019), we had it fenced (hollow block). The fence is inside our property line. Months later we discovered our neighbor, who has their house right up to our fence, made a hole in our fence and is dumping their kitchen sink waste water inside our lot. We took pictures then nireport namin sa barangay. Nagmeeting kami dun kasama ung neighbor, sabi namin either they fix up the hole themselves or bayaran nila kami for the costs while we fix it up ourselves. They chose the option na sila magffix; we accepted that. They did patch up the hole so we thought that was that.

When:
Now, we discovered na binutas nila ulit (or rather they removed ung tinakip nila before) plus nagtatapon sila ng basura nila sa loob ng property namin.

Given na nag-areglo na to sa barangay before, anong pwede ko gawin within our rights as a homeowner? Kc sila ung type na kahit magbarangay kami ulit, uulitin lang din nila yan.

Pertinent facts:

Where:
- sa province ito, not anywhere near a big city, so no homeowners association or the like
- our property is titled and fully owned by my mom
- the neighbor’s is naka-pangalan pa sa greatgrandparents nila and marami sila na “heirs”. Technically speaking, if iddivide ung lot to each legit heir then the neighbor’s actual share would probably amount to just 1 sq meter so technically they are squatting pero ung ibang legit heirs have their own lives somewhere else so wala naman na ibang nagcclaim.
- walang pinag-aralan si neighbor (I think lumampas ng elementary but not high school). Her husband was also a student in my mom’s class in college and mashado rin daw bobo. Mom doesn’t know if he was able to graduate. Including these facts so you understand the level of intelligence we’re dealing with.
- they seem to think we “stole” some of their land so they feel entitled to throw their trash and waste in our property (and even get their “share” of the bananas from inside our lot). (Fyi, the boundary was intially officially drawn while their grandmother and my grandmother were both still alive and present during the land survey done. They were friends so there was no hostility or intimidation done.)

  1. It’s definitely not worth suing them over just for money back or damages - wala naman sila pera so wala kaming makukuha jan. We just want them to stop damaging our property and giving us waste. Would it be advisable to hire a lawyer anyway and what can a lawyer do for us in this situation?

  2. What other steps can we take without the help of a lawyer?

  3. Can we post this in social media and what details can we include that would not also open us up to cyber libel or the like? I’m hoping the court of popular opinion would also shame them (they’re the type to consider image over everything). Would a picture of the fence and garbage and a note saying “look what our neighbor did” be okay? (We have other neighbors sharing our fences.)


r/legaladvicePH • • 3d ago

Work Related Can I Challenge a Former Employer's Fraud Classification That Is Affecting My Job Applications?

1 Upvotes

What: What happened or what is the issue?

I am seeking advice regarding a fraud classification issued by my former employer, Company 2, which appears to be affecting my current job applications.
I previously worked for Company 1 and submitted an immediate resignation letter but was unable to complete the required 30-day notice period. When I applied to Company 2, I declared my separation from Company 1 as “resigned” because I had submitted my resignation letter and understood that I was ending my employment. I did not intend to misrepresent my employment history.

Company 2 later issued a Notice of Decision (NOD) dated November 14, 2025, classifying my actions as fraud. According to the NOD, I allegedly provided misleading information during the hiring process, allowing my onboarding to proceed.

I signed the NOD, but the signature portion was labeled “Received by.” I am concerned about whether I can still challenge the classification and whether the information associated with my employment record is accurate.

When: When did it happen?

The NOD was dated November 14, 2025.
Afterward, I provided supporting documents to Company 2, including my Certificate of Employment from Company 1 and relevant email correspondence. I have also contacted Company 2's HR department to request a review of my concern.

As of October 2026, I am still trying to clarify the matter because it appears to be affecting my employment opportunities.

Where: Where did it happen?

The issue arose during my employment separation from Company 1 and the subsequent hiring and background-check process with Company 2, both of which are former employers in the Philippines.
I am considering seeking assistance from the appropriate Philippine government agency because I cannot afford to hire a private lawyer.

Why: Why did it happen or why is the issue occurring?

My understanding was that declaring my separation as “resigned” was truthful because I had submitted an immediate resignation letter, even though I was unable to complete the 30-day notice period and my resignation was apparently not formally approved.
Company 2 considered my declaration misleading and classified the matter as fraud. However, I am concerned about whether the circumstances establish intentional misrepresentation, considering that I had submitted a resignation letter and did not intend to deceive the company.

My main concern now is that other prospective employers have informed me that a background-check hit or an issue associated with Company 2 appears during their screening process. This has made it difficult for me to move forward with job applications.
I want to understand whether the classification is justified and whether Company 2 may be disclosing information that I can request to have reviewed or corrected if it is inaccurate.

How: How did the situation develop?

I submitted an immediate resignation letter to Company 1 but could not complete the required notice period. When applying to Company 2, I declared my separation as “resigned” based on my understanding of the situation.

Company 2 subsequently investigated the matter and issued the NOD classifying my actions as fraud. I submitted supporting documents, including my Certificate of Employment from Company 1 and relevant email correspondence. I also signed the NOD as received.

I later contacted Company 2's HR department to request a review, and they informed me that they would look into my concern.

I would appreciate advice on the following questions:
Can I still challenge the fraud classification even though I signed the NOD? Does the “Received by” acknowledgment affect my ability to dispute the findings?

Does failure to complete a 30-day resignation notice automatically justify a fraud classification, or must intentional misrepresentation be established separately?

Can I request a copy or clarification of the information Company 2 is disclosing during background checks and ask for correction if it is inaccurate or misleading?
Should I approach DOLE through the Single Entry Approach (SEnA), the NLRC, or the National Privacy Commission (NPC), depending on the nature of my complaint?

Are there free legal aid services available for someone who cannot afford a private lawyer?

I am not trying to avoid responsibility for failing to complete the required notice period. I simply want to understand whether the fraud classification was justified and what legal options I have to address its continuing impact on my employment opportunities.
Thank you to anyone who can offer guidance or share relevant experience.


r/legaladvicePH • • 3d ago

Property and Housing My dog went missing on the 20th and I don't know what to do. [Advice Needed]

4 Upvotes

My boyfriend and I live in Burauen, a municipality here in Leyte. We recently moved to a more rural barangay outside the municipality proper, just a few minutes from the town square. On the 20th, we went to the town proper to restock our weekly groceries—we were gone for more than an hour. When we came back, we noticed that our back door was opened just a crack, but our dog Chubby was nowhere to be seen. She has only escaped once before and during that time we were at home so we were able to call her inside only a few minutes after she escaped. Today, we were not there and there was no trace of her anywhere. The back part of our house is connected to an open farm owned by another family. In that farm, there is also a 2-storey house that is under construction, so there are a lot of construction workers there almost all times of the day. They also have a poultry farm, where their chickens are kept inside an enclosure using a net-like material. Beyond that is meters and meters of thick jungle, complete wilderness where people would find it hard to enter. We looked for her around the area the best we could, to no avail.

While we were looking for her, one of the neighbors hanging outside the house under construction asked us about what we were doing, my boyfriend told him the situation and asked if he saw a mid-sized black dog roaming around. He said no, but he also said there is a black dog that had already killed a total of 8 chickens in the past few weeks, and the owner was really angry about it. He said the dog ran away. We already had an inkling that it was our dog but we couldn't know for sure so we just continued our search by entering what we could of the wilderness and calling out to her. We retreated to our house by nighttime. When the next day came on the 21st, we went to the barangay hall to inquire about our dog. One of the officials told us he saw a dog that terrorized a farm near our house. We showed him the picture and he said it was the exact same dog. He said that the farm help that saw the dog threw a piece of wood at it, making it run towards the highway, which was right in front of the 2-storey house under construction. He wanted us to review the CCTV footage to confirm if it was our dog, and if it really crossed the highway to the other side of the barangay. We watched the CCTV footage from the moment we left the house until we returned and saw no black dog crossing the street from the area of the farm. We decided to go back to the man who talked to my boyfriend before to ask him who the owner of the farm was to arrange the total compensation amount we needed to prepare for the chickens, and also to ask about what really happened. When we told him that we were already from the barangay hall, he revealed to us that the black dog didn't run towards the highway, it ran towards the thick wilderness behind us. He also revealed that he knew this because he was the one who drove the dog away by chucking a piece of wood towards it, an information he didn't tell us prior to this incident. He also emphasized that they assumed that the dog was a feral rabies-infected dog because of how hyper it was when they saw it. It was jumping around playing with the other chickens before attempting to pounce on another one outside of the net.We asked him straight if the dog has a possibility of dying from any injuries he might've inflicted, and he said no. It was barely hit, and was able to run away.

We continued looking for our dog up until today, and the only extra information we've gotten from one of the neighbors so far is that they actually went after the dog after the whole incident happened, because they went to her house to ask her if it was her black dog that escaped, which she denied because her dog was tied up. She reassured us that our dog is still alive and might've gotten lost only because she is an indoor dog that's not friendly to humans, and does not know the area well.

We think that the owner of the chickens is the same man who owns the piggery right behind the poultry farm, and what's weird about this is even after encountering him on the trails so many times, he just looks away from us after we catch him staring and has never confronted or asked us about the compensation for his chickens. We honestly did not know that our dog was capable of this, nor were we informed of the incidents before—if it was really our dog who caused the other chickens to die since this was their 1st time escaping for a long period—and we find it strange that we were never asked, approached, or even confronted about this, even though hey know for sure that we do have a dog in the house, and that we were looking for a missing dog.

Today, we'll be roaming around the barangay again, and my uncle will come to help us talk to the owner to clear up the situation. But I still don't know if I should do more or what I should and should not do, or what I should and should not think.

I'm hoping someone could give me some useful advice about our situation. It's been really hard and stressful for us to constantly keep on waiting, wondering, and suspecting about what happened, never really having closure or acceptance because we don't even know what we need to accept. We feel like we should just accept that we won't see her again and stop searching, but also we should never stop until there is a sufficient reason to do so. Both me, my boyfriend, and our families just feel completely devastated, confused, and tired. So if there's anyone who could help us by giving us any advice on what we should do next, or if anyone has more questions about the situation, I would really love to hear it.


r/legaladvicePH • • 3d ago

Family and Relationship My (20F) girlfriend (20F) is trying to escape her abusive, homophobic family for good. How can I help her legally?

1 Upvotes

Hi, I’m F20, and my girlfriend is also 20. We’re WLW, and we’ve been trying to make her move out because of how evil her family is. Her dad is pure Chinese and is really abusive physically, mentally, and emotionally. Her kuya is half. He’s a pervert, also much more evil and physically abusive. And her mom is pinay but she is the worst you could ever imagine. She’s been living like hell since the day she was born. No wonder she wanted to move out as early as childhood.

We couldn’t think of any way to do it. We just thought of at least filing a restraining order against her whole family and filing a blotter sa barangay where I live, since she’s also planning to live here. Basically, we’re going to live together.
Actually, two months ago, she moved out. It was really unexpected. She got fed up with her dad because he was using tubo pangpukpok sa kanya. She cried so much, then suddenly moved out and came here. Her mom started contacting her, trying to fool her into thinking they wouldn’t get her and that they just wanted to know where she was.

Then things escalated. Her mom suddenly pulled the “may pulis kaming kasama” card to scare her. I don’t know why my gf fell for it. I told her that she was already an adult and could decide on her own. But she was panicking, so I started panicking too. What we did was, she told me to go somewhere, then she would make her mom go to the place where we live, basically my apartment.

Her mom really just looked around the place and then left. Then, on the very same day, her tita (pure Chinese) went there and tried forcing her to go back to their house. She was really loud, and it was really hard to see my girlfriend crying while I was just hiding in the CR because if they found out, they would really do something to her. They know about us, and it’s just really hard how homophobic her family is.

Going back to what happened, she left with her tita and went back to their house. I was crying the whole time because it hurt that she left me, but I understood.
Now, two months later, she wants to move out again, for good, meaning she won’t go back there anymore because she’s really tired, like super tired, of her family.

We both have jobs naman and stable incomes. We earn ₱100k a month. I don’t know what to do. Our plan is to file a blotter against them at the barangay first, then file a restraining order against her whole family. Then she told me that her last straw would be reporting them to Raffy Tulfo. We have all the evidence proving our claims.

WHAT’S YOUR SUGGESTION OP?


r/legaladvicePH • • 3d ago

Work Related Show cause order

1 Upvotes

Hello, makikita ba ng respondent ang name ng complainant sa matatanggap nyang show cause order? Thanks


r/legaladvicePH • • 3d ago

Family and Relationship Requesting for experiences/info when reaching a settlement

2 Upvotes

My cousin was hit by an ebike and eventually died on the same day. Hindi naman tinakbuhan and they initially paid for all hospital expenses. Kita rin namin na very remorseful and regretful yung nakabangga so we are thinking of settling na lang and not pursue charges.

May I request lang if may nakaexperience na magsettle? Pano naging process? And how to identify ang baseline amount that we can request?

Pinapapunta kasi both parties sa police station and hindi pa kami pumupunta kasi wala ako tiwala sa police feeling ko laging nagpapaunder the table 😭


r/legaladvicePH • • 4d ago

Work Related Pwede ba na magpa sign sila ng contract kahit wala na ako sa company?

5 Upvotes

What, Why, and How:

I resigned from my previous company [clinical laboratory]. For context, wala akong contract kahit employment contract wala, wala rin payslip. We receive our salaries na parang day worker lang, pipirma lang kami ng logbook ng amo namin, signifying na we received that amount of money as salary.

Now, pinagtrain nila ako ng technical skill [paid training]. Nag follow-up ako about sa contract 2x after training tas sinabihan lang ako ng "sige lang papirmahin ka lang namin." Ngayon it's been a year pero wala parin kibo, so naghanap na ako ng greener pasture, and I resigned. Nagamit naman yung pinagtrain nila sa akin kasi gumawa naman ako ng mga SOP regarding dun para may masundan naman ang sinong susunod sa akin.

Ngayon na resigned na ako, gusto nila na iparefund yung na spend nila INCLUDING 2.5% of sahod ko that time. Mind you, 450/day sahod ko that time and IT WAS BELOW MINIMUM WAGE [462/day dapat]. Nag tiis ako ng 1 year for the experience and skill. And for me to be able to refund, kailangan ko raw mag sign ng contract para hindi maipit yung head ko vs. sa board of directors.

When:

This month lang ito nangyari. Last month pa ako resigned tapos render nalang sana this month, pero natanggap na ako sa new work and so umalis na ako pero nagpaalam naman ako ng maayos kahit resigned na ako.

Where:

A small city in a province in Mindanao [sorry can't disclose]

Now my question:

  1. Pwede ba ako makasuhan if ayoko pumirma ng contract kasi resigned naman na ako? Pero willing naman ako mag refund sa na spend nila sa training pero yun lang yun nothing more. Pero may lawyer sila kasi yung husband ng isa sa mga boards is a lawyer [mahilig mang takot].

  2. Kailangan ko ba sila harapin para lang tanggihan ang contract? Or ano po ba dapat gawin if ipapasummon ako? [Di na ako nagd-duty doon]

  3. Wala akong pinirmahan na contract ever, pero may legal hold ba sila sa akin since nag work din ako doon for 1 year+?

Thank you po sa mga sasagot 🥺🫶


r/legaladvicePH • • 4d ago

Family and Relationship Yung Nakatusok ng mata ko ay di tumupad sa obligasyon niya sa akin.

3 Upvotes

Good evening!

Sept 22, 2026. Aksidente po akong natusok sa mata ng konduktor ng mini bus.

Nagpakonsulta ako sa doctor tapos niresetahan ng mga gamot.

Sept 25, 2026. Naipablotter ko yung insidente tapos sa araw din na yon, pumunta ako sa terminal nila tapos dinala ko siya sa brgy para doon kami magsettle. magpapa reimburse lang ako ng mga nagastos ko which is 4009 pesos only in total. Binigyan niya ako on the spot na 1k bilang paunang bayad tapos 1k kada linggo hanggang mabayaran niya ng buo yung kulang. Bago pa kami magkapirmahan, need na niyang umalis kasi magtatrabaho pa siya. hinihintay na siya ng mini bus sa baba ng brgy hall para mamasada na sila. babalikan na lang daw niya yung kasunduan para pumirma at magbayad. Inintindi ko naman at binigyan ng considerastion. Binigay din niya yung number niya bago siya umalis para macontact siya.

Pag-uwi ko ng bahay, tinext ko siya ng breakdown ng ipapareimburse ko, magkano nabayad niya at yung dates na magbabayad siya ng 1k. Sabi ko sa napagkasunduan namin na sa brgy niya ibibigay yung pera para may "legal channel" kumbaga. Para may maka monitor na magbibigay talaga siya.

Oct 19, 2026. Matapos ang 3 weeks, inexpect ko na na nabayaran na niya ng buo at pwede ko na makuha ang pera. Pumunta ako sa brgy at nalaman ko na hindi na siya bumalik ulit. Di man lang pinaalam ng secretary ng brgy na ganon ang nangyari. di rin niya finallowup yung konduktor. sinulat ko naman yung number nung nagkasala sa paper na pipirmahan namin.

Ngayon, parang walang silbi yung paghaharap namin sa brgy. Ako pa maghahabol sa kanya para mabayaran ako. Tinawagan ko siya ng lunes pero iba sumagot. may emergency daw. Pinasabi ko na lang na asikasuhin yung obligasyon niya. Kinabukasan, tumawag ulit ako at nasagot niya, sabi niya, magbabayad daw siya at aasikasuhin niya pero magpapagaling daw muna siya kasi hirap siya himinga. may asthma daw. halata naman sa boses niya. Kanina, tinext ko na i gcash na lang niya ng buo yung kulang. Bukas, ireremind ko ulit.

Additional info: Sa mini bus na line, pwede bumili ng isang unit ang isang "individual" na tao. yung mini bus na yon na pinapasada niya ay pag aari nilang mag-asawa. Driver niya ang asawa niya at siya ang konduktor. Kaya parang hindi na siya under sa management ng kumpanya/cooperative ng mini bus.

Inintindi ko siya kasi marami daw siyang babayaran. kaya pumayag ako na 1k per week siya magbabayad. Ngayon, nagsisisi ako. dapat nagmatigas na lang ako.

eto po ang mga tanong ko:

  1. Hindi na ba obligasyon ng secretary ng brgy na i-follow up yung konduktor na hindi pumirma sa kasunduan namin sa brgy? Hindi din ba niya obligasyon na i-contact ako to follow up / update my case?

Nasa sa kanya ang dokumento, at wala siyang pakialam kung nakumpleto na ba ang pirma sa mga dokumento o naisagawa man lang ang kasunduan. Sinuggest niya na magharap ulit kami sa brgy kung ayaw magbayad. Ayoko na magharap ulit at magbayad ng 80 pesos sa proseso.

  1. Ano po ang maipapayo nyong remedy sa situation ko po?

Thank you!


r/legaladvicePH • • 4d ago

Property and Housing How to obtain certificate of file to action o CFA

3 Upvotes

Hi. We need help po kasi may nirereklamo kaming tenant sa paninirang-puri. Naka-tatlo nang hearing sa lupon at ngayon ay pang-apat na. Gusto nila paabutin ng anim pa at pinipilit na mag-areglo nalang. Ayaw po talaga namin magpa-areglo lalo na’t may kapit sa barangay yung nirereklamo namin (ninong nila sa kasal). Ano po ba ang dapat gawin para maitaas ito? Salamat po

Context: paninirang-puri na paulit-ulit na kaya talagang gusto namin itaas para wala nang mabiktima


r/legaladvicePH • • 5d ago

Work Related Need advice for my friend, hind siya binabayaran ng employer.

3 Upvotes

Yung friend ko nag work siya as a caregiver nag start ang contract niya june tapos 35k per month yun, since dalawa lang sila caregiver wala sila dayoff. Tapos starting July 15 nag sabi yung employer niya na hind muna sila babayaran kasi daw may problem daw sa banko. Na ngutang siya sa friend ko tapos that month pina sahon lang sakanya is 10k lang, pero starting july 30 hind na siya nag pa sahod at pinag loan pa sila. Ginawa niya is hind siya nag loan kasi nga payo din ng parent niya na wag daw since malaki tubo so ang ginawa niya sa savings muna nila siya kumuha ng money para sa mga needs nung inaalagaan niya. Sabi sa kanya ng employer niya is as soon as maka balik daw siya sa US babayaran daw lahat, mag 2 months na yung employer niya sa US at di parin sila bayad at umabot na ng halos 100k ang utang sa kanya. Ina update parin naman siya at may communication sila nung employer niya pero umalis na sila as a caregiver. Ang update sa kanila is until now daw naka hold parin daw ang pera nila.


r/legaladvicePH • • 5d ago

Family and Relationship May karapatan ba ang biological father na makita at makasama ang anak niya kung kasal pa sa ibang lalaki ang nanay ng bata?

6 Upvotes

Good day po. Ask ko lang po sana kung ano ang legal rights ng friend ko sa anak niya under Philippine law.

What: Ang friend ko ay may anak sa isang babae na legally married pa sa ibang lalaki. Ngayon, ayaw na ng mother na ipakita o payagan ang friend ko na makita ang bata. Patuloy naman ang pagbibigay ng friend ko ng financial support sa anak niya.

When: Bago pa sila magkakilala, matagal nang separated ang mother at ang legal husband niya, pero hindi pa annulled ang kanilang kasal. Ipinanganak ang bata habang kasal pa rin ang mother sa legal husband niya. Naghiwalay ang friend ko at ang mother after 5 years. Yung bata ay 3 years na now.

Where: Sa Pilipinas po nangyari ang sitwasyon.

Why: Gusto pa rin ng friend ko na makita at makasama ang anak niya, pero ayaw na itong ipakita ng mother sa kanya kahit patuloy siyang nagbibigay ng financial support.

How: Ang apelyido ng friend ko ang ginagamit ng bata at nakalagay rin ito sa birth certificate. Gayunpaman, dahil kasal pa sa ibang lalaki ang mother noong ipinanganak ang bata, hindi namin alam kung ano ang legal status ng bata at kung ano ang karapatan ng friend ko bilang biological father.

Questions:
1. May legal right po ba ang friend ko na makita at makasama ang bata?
2. May epekto po ba ang kasal ng mother sa ibang lalaki sa legal status ng bata, kahit ang biological father ang nakalagay sa birth certificate?
3. Sapat po ba ang birth certificate at proof of financial support para ma-establish ang parental rights ng friend ko?
4. Ano po ang legal steps na maaari niyang gawin kung patuloy na tumanggi ang mother na ipakita ang bata?

Maraming salamat po sa mga makakapagbigay ng legal advice o makakapagbahagi ng similar experience.