"Although both selection sort and bubble sort share an average time complexity of O(n2), selection sort is often faster in practice. Big-O notation only describes asymptotic growth as input sizes increase and intentionally ignores constant factors. The key difference lies in the number of write and swap operations: selection sort performs at most one swap per full pass over the remaining elements, whereas bubble sort can perform numerous swaps during a single pass whenever adjacent elements are out of order. Because writing and swapping memory values is generally more computationally expensive than simply reading and comparing them, bubble sort's higher frequency of swaps results in a larger constant factor, making selection sort noticeably more efficient overall."

Hi , my codespace refuses to come up , it’s kinda stuck here . I am getting back to cs50.dev after a week
This is where it is at for eternity.
Any help or guidance on next steps would be great
Thanks in advance

I tried rebuilding the container multiple times but it still shows up the same. I also tried going to the homepage, clicking on the arrow next to log in and restarting the codespace but that didn't work either. Please help me figure this out.

Hi all I completed week0 few weeks back and I did not complete Cs50x . Can you guys tell what schedule / timetable worked for you guys to complete the course diligently. I would like to complete this course by end of this year . Motivation would really help at this point in time

Hello guys I need a bit of guidance on the problem Little Professor of cs50p.
I have finished it and everything works fine but when I run the checker I get all greens except of one that says:

:( Little Professor generates random numbers correctly
    Did not find "[7, 8, 9, 7, 4, 6, 3, 1, 5, 9, 1, 0, 3, 5, 3, 6, 4, 0, 1, 5]" in "7 + 8 = EEE\r\n7 + 8 = "

Tbh with you I don't even know what this means so I cant really fix it on my own.
I deleted the in between code but this is how i determined how to pull the random numbers for X and Y based on the level picked.

    if level == 1:
        available_numbers = range(0, 10)
    elif level == 2:
        available_numbers = range(10, 100)
    else:
        available_numbers = range(100, 1000)

        X = rd.randint(min(available_numbers), max(available_numbers))
        Y = rd.randint(min(available_numbers), max(available_numbers))

Our college mandates completion of one project in 5th sem, and we need to publish a research paper too for the project.

I am currently facing an issue - a specific part of my project needs crop mapping - like finding brinjal field locations through remote sensing. But for that I need a dataset - at least locations. There is nothing like that... Now what do I do.

Can someone please let me know what can be done? I am stuck. And not really in a position to move around and create a dataset myself.

What do you think I should do?

How do you handle such issues?

I’ve been stuck on the difference between print() and return in CS50 for the last few days, and it finally clicked for me today after staring at my code. Figure I'd share how I finally understood it in case anyone else is hitting the same roadblock.

Basically, print() is like a display case. It shows the result on the screen so you can physically look at it, but the rest of your program can’t actually touch it. It’s just text on a screen.

On the other hand, return acts like a courier. It passes the actual data back into the program behind the scenes so another function or variable can grab it and keep working with it.

To use a simple analogy: if you have a function that calculates your bank balance, print() is just the screen showing you the numbers. return is the machine actually putting the cash into your hand so you can go spend it somewhere else.

Hopefully this saves someone else a few hours of confusion!

Hi everyone!

I'm a high school student learning Python, and I've been working on my own project called Lidya AI.

I wanted to build an AI assistant that brings different tools together in one place. The project currently includes a multilingual interface with 9 languages, AI-powered chat, document analysis, image generation, voice input, and a simple image-to-video animation feature.

I'm still developing it, and I know there's a lot left to improve. Building it has helped me learn more about Python, APIs, debugging, and connecting different services.

🔗 Try Lidya AI: https://lidya-app-mvwzuntqiuzwvoqyz9w6t3.streamlit.app/

💻 GitHub repository: https://github.com/acunseymanur03-cyber/lidya-app

I'd especially appreciate feedback on the code structure, user experience, and which feature I should improve first.

If you try it, I'd love to hear what works, what doesn't, and what you would change. Thanks! 💜

can someone explain the difference between Function vs Procedure with simple analogy
thank you

Because I had watched the first livestream but other lectures are unlisted when the are going to officially in cs50 youtube channel

I wanted to use the debugger but it gives me an error. After some searching I suspect I chose a wrong setting before using the debugger (selecting g++ instead of gcc or something like that). Solutions say i should delete the .vscode folder in my disk, but of course I can't do it on the cs50 codespace

Man I really need the debugger to finish the problem set 😭

这个作业似乎对后面没有什么用，熟悉这个操作系统太折磨了

I could write C that compiled for weeks before I actually understood what a pointer was doing. Then one night I was drawing boxes and arrows on paper for a linked list problem and it just landed. Made me wonder if I should have started with the paper instead of the keyboard. Anyone else have a concept that only made sense once you stopped coding and drew it out?

I finally completed CS50. Thanks to David Malan for being such a GOOD teacher.

Hello, i have been trying to come up with idea for the final project to get the certificate but i couldnt come with one, can you guys please suggest me ones that i will be able to claim the certificate with?

I’m getting really close to finishing my CS50 Web final project, but I’ve been using MariaDB for my database, which I currently run in a Docker container.

I was wondering how I would submit my project with this type of database, since unlike SQLite it isn’t just a database file that I can include with the project.

Would I need to include something like a database dump and the Docker configuration with my submission, or would it be better to switch the project to SQLite3 for the submission and keep a copy of my current version using MariaDB?

Thought I'd reach out here to see if there is some quorum for the day... I feel a bit self conscious and also feeling like an impostor since I am only on week 3 and moving at the pace of a snail ....

Anyway, I am lucky enought to be able to make it -anyone else planning to doing puzzle day on November 6th?

🦆

How to use cs50 offline? Apparently, my new wifi can't connect to cs50 GitHub codespace or anything like desktop app.It works on other webs .

The sole reason I wanted to get into AI is to answer the question, "do different prompt injections have the same underlying pattern?". In other words, can we train a model to recognize new types of attacks it has never seen before (zero-shot classification)?

I completed cs50ai and now got into transformers. Oh boy that's hard... What might be the resources where I could learn how LLMs work? I heard good things about the hugging face course.

I paid for it quite some time ago (before it was shut down), and I didn't want it to go to waste so I finally locked in for it.

just realized i cannot upload any project or get any certificate. (aw man, was really hoping for the verified harvardx one!)

anyways, i also found out it was split into 2 new ones, but they require new payments, and im not that financially stable lol.

what can i do to recieve my certificate?

EDIT: prof Malan, the cs50 and edX team were all really supportive and I have got an exceptional verification on the 2D course! thanks for the feedback every1!